IX. BUSINESS TRAVEL Business Customs Tanzanians are generally polite, helpful and warm-hearted. The private sector is slowly growing and maturing and patience, specificity and flexibility are essential for success. Travel Advisory and Visas The Department of State's consular information sheet on Tanzania reflects current information on Tanzania entry requirements, areas of instability, medical facilities, crime, photography restrictions, air transport, arrest drug penalties and Embassy locations including telephone, telex and fax numbers. Airport visas are not issued routinely. All visitors should obtain visas in advance. Holidays In 1995, Tanzania will observe the following official holidays: January 1 (New Year), January 12 (Zanzibar Revolutionary Day), March 3 & 4 (Idd-El-Fitr*), April 14 (Good Friday), April 17 (Easter Monday) April 26 (Union Day) May 1 (International Worker's Day), May 11 (Idd-El-Hajj*), August 8 (Peasants Day), August 11 (Maulid Day), December 9 (Independence Day), December 25 (Christmas Day) and December 26 (Boxing Day). Those days marked with an asterisk are subject to the sighting of the moon. Business Infrastructure Transportation: Many of Tanzania's urban centers are accessible by road transportation except during the rainy season (October to December on Western parts of Tanzania, and March to May for the rest of the country). Many of the primary roads are paved though in poor condition. The roads from Dar es Salaam to Tunduma, Dodoma, Tanga and Arusha are paved. Dodoma to Iringa, Dodoma to Mwanza, Mwanza to Bukoba and Arusha to Dodoma are not paved. The road from Dar es Salaam to Lindi and Mtwara are not paved making it impossible to reach those areas during the rainy seasons. Rural and feeder roads are virtually impassable. Rental cars are available in all of Tanzania's urban centers of Arusha, Dar es Salaam, Dodoma, Morogoro, Mwanza, Moshi, Mbeya, Tabora and Tanga. Railway transport links Dar es Salaam to Kigoma (Central Line), Dar es Salaam to Mwanza via Morogoro, Dodoma, Tabora, Shinyanga (Central Line), Dar es Salaam to Tanga (Tanga Line) and Dar es Salaam to Arusha via Mombo, Same and Moshi (Tanga Line). Tanzania Zambia Railway Authority (TAZARA) links Dar es Salaam to Kapiri Mposhi (Zambia) via Iringa and Mbeya. Dar es Salaam International Airport, Kilimanjaro International Airport and the Zanzibar Airport handle international air traffic. Current international carriers are KLM, Swiss Air, British Airways, Lufthansa, Air France, Alitalia, Egypt Air, Ethiopian Airways, Royal Swazi, Kenya Airways, Air Zambia, Air Zimbabwe, Gulf Air, Air India, Air Malawi, Air Comoro and Air Uganda. Air Tanzania has international routes to Djibouti and Saudi Arabia. It's regional routes include Kenya, Burundi, Malawi, Zambia, Zimbabwe and recently, South Africa. Domestic routes include Kilimanjaro, Mwanza, Mtwara, Songea, Tabora, Kigoma, Tanga and Zanzibar. Boat Transportation -- Lake Victoria has services between Mwanza, Bukoba and Musoma. Lake Tanganyika has services to Bujumbura, Eastern Zaire and Zambia. Lake Nyasa has services to Malawi. Freight is carried largely by trains and heavy duty vehicles between most of Tanzania's towns and Malawi and Zambia, and by heavy duty vehicles to Burundi and Rwanda. Language: The official languages in Tanzania are Kiswahili and English. Virtually all major businessmen speak English, though once outside the business community, English is spoken less frequently. Communication: Tanzania's telecommunications infrastructure within the country is poor and overburdened. International communications by phones, fax and telex are generally reliable. However, businessmen should note that at present no hotels have 'business service centers.' Sending and receiving fax messages while in Tanzania for business trips can be difficult. Housing: There are critical shortages of housing in all urban centers of Tanzania. Most visitors to urban centers stay in tourist hotels, although the amenities and comfort levels fall below U.S. standards. The expatriate communities in Arusha, Dodoma, Mwanza, Morogoro, Tanga and Dar es Salaam live in modern housing. Water and power is generally available but liable to frequent interruptions. Health: The health services in Tanzania are inadequate. Tropical diseases and HIV are prevalent in the country. Malaria prophylaxis are strongly recommended. Food: Food is available and plentiful in all the urban centers of Tanzania including an assortment of fresh fruits and vegetables. Certain urban centers, such as Arusha, Moshi, Dar es Salaam and Tanga, carry imported goods from Kenya, Europe, and the United States.