VI. Trade Regulations and Standards Tariffs and Import Taxes: Export taxes were eliminated in 1990 except for a three percent fee on cotton and gold exports. Import taxes on many goods were reduced or eliminated in 1994. Customs Valuation: Valuation is based on a cost/insurance/ocean marine/inland marine formula (the "caf" system). Customs duties are expected to be Harmonized with other members of the francophone Economic and Monetary Union of West Africa (UEMOA). Import Licenses: Required. Obtained normally within a month by individuals on presentation of a "nationality certificate" and "judiciary record", and by firms on presentation of a "Company status" document. Export Controls: Bulls under five years of age and cows of reproductive age cannot be exported except under special agreements for breeding purposes. Live animal, meat and plant exports requires sanitary certificates. Handicraft exports require authorization from the ministry of culture and tourism issued through the National Museum. Mali concluded a cultural protection agreement with the United States this year to discourage export of Malian antiquities. Import/Export Documentation: Importers should submit a declaration of intent to import and present an import/export license to the national directorate for economic affairs. Exporters should present an import/export license. Temporary Entry: Goods and equipment may be granted temporary entry for display at trade shows, use on construction projects or for other temporary purposes. Labeling/Marking Requirements: none Prohibited Imports: Narcotics, or foreign products labeled as originating in Mali. Medicines, veterinary products, vehicles larger than sedans, arms and ammunition, tobacco products and fishing nets with holes under 50mm in diameter require prior approval from the concerned ministries. Free Trade Zones/Warehouses: None except for bonded customs warehouses for goods in transit. Membership in Free Trade Arrangements: The Francophone West African Monetary Union (UMOA) was replaced by an Economic and Monetary Union (UEMOA) in April of this year. Member states include all francophone West African nations except Guinea. The union aims to eliminate barriers to the free movement of goods, capital and labor among member countries and harmonize standards, insurance, accounting, commercial law and tax and tariff policies.