Table of Contents I. Commercial Overview Overview of import market...................................4 Brief synopsis of the commercial environment................4 Host country business attitude toward the U.S...............5 Major business opportunities................................5 Major roadblocks to doing business..........................5 Nature of local and third-country competition...............6 II. Leading Trade Prospects for U.S. Business....................................................6 III. Economic Trends and Outlook Major trends and outlook...................................12 Principal growth sectors...................................12 Government role in the economy.............................13 Balance of payments situation..............................13 Trade and investment barriers..............................13 Labor force................................................13 Major local & third-country competitors in specific sectors........................................14 Infrastructure situation: goods/services distribution......14 Major infrastructure projects underway.....................14 IV. Political Environment Nature of bilateral relationship with the United States....15 Major political Issues affecting business climate..........15 Brief synopsis of political system.........................16 V. Marketing U.S. Products and Services Distribution and sales channels............................17 Use of agents/distributors; finding a partner..............17 Franchising................................................17 Direct marketing...........................................17 Joint ventures/licensing...................................17 Steps to establish an office...............................18 Selling factors/techniques.................................23 Advertising and Trade promotion............................23 Pricing products...........................................24 Sales service/customer support.............................25 Selling to the government..................................25 Protecting your product from IPR infringement..............26 Need for a local attorney..................................26 VI. Trade Regulations and Standards Tariffs and import taxes...................................27 Customs valuation..........................................29 Import licenses............................................29 Export controls............................................32 Import/Export documentation................................34 Temporary Entry............................................34 Labelling, Marking requirements............................35 Prohibited imports.........................................35 Standards (e.g. ISO 9000 usage)............................35 Free-trade zones/warehouses................................35 Special import provisions..................................35 Membership in free trade arrangements......................35 VII. Investment Climate Openness to foreign investment.............................36 Conversion and Transfer policies...........................36 Expropriation and Compensation.............................36 Dispute Settlement.........................................36 Political Violence.........................................36 Performance requirements/incentives........................36 Right to private ownership and establishment...............36 Protection of property rights..............................37 Regulatory system: laws and procedures.....................38 Bilateral investment agreements............................38 OPIC and other investment insurance programs...............38 Labor......................................................38 Foreign Trade zones/free ports.............................39 Capital outflow policy.....................................39 Major foreign Investors....................................39 VIII. Trade and Project Financing Brief description of banking system........................40 Foreign exchange controls affecting trading................40 What is general financing availability.....................40 How to finance exports/methods of payment..................41 Types of available export financing and insurance..........41 Project financing available................................42 IX. Business Travel Business Customs...........................................44 Travel advisory and visas..................................45 Holidays...................................................45 Business infrastructure....................................45 APPENDICES